Calculate Sales Tax - Questions and Answers

Calculate Sales Tax - Questions and Answers One of the most common types of percent problems youll encounter in daily life is calculating sales tax. Its not hard to do. Heres an example of how a student worked through percent and sales tax problems and tips on how you can learn to master the technique, too. Student With Sales Tax Problems I was tutoring Jason (not his real name), to prepare him for Algebra. He attended tutoring on the Internet with the help of his high-speed internet connection, web camera, computer, and graphing calculator. Thankfully, all of the technology was functioning properly and we were on our way to higher grades.  Today, I began, we are going to review percents and sales tax.Ok, Ms. Jennifer, I got this. I know all about sales tax. Jason confidently announced as he pulled out a pen.Oh no, Jason. Where is your pencil?Pencil? Jason was puzzled about a ten cent pencil, yet he sat in a maze of hundreds of dollars of gadgets.Yes, Jason, a pencil. You know that we do not do math in pen.Yes maam.  Jason hunted down a pencil and sharpened it with a butter knife. A hand sanitizer gel spill had ruined his pencil sharpener but rendered it 99.9% germ-free. Calculating Sales Tax After Jason put away his primitive sharpening tool, we talked about a printer that he was planning to buy. At $125, the printer was a bargain, but I emphasized that he needed to know the true amount to stay within his budget. If the sales tax rate was 8%, then how much would he pay in sales tax for the printer? What do you know?The sales tax rate is 8% or 8 percent. Realize that 8 percent means 8 per 100.8% 8/100The printer cost $125.00With percents, think part/whole.8 (part)/100 whole x (the part, or the sales tax amount is unknown) /125 (the whole)8/100 x/125Cross multiply. Hint: Write these fractions vertically to get the full understanding of cross multiplying. To cross multiply, take the first fractions numerator and multiply it by the second fractions denominator. Then take the second fractions numerator and multiply it by the first fractions denominator.8 * 125 x * 1001000 100xDivide both sides of the equation by 100 to solve for x.1000/100 100x/10010 xVerify the answer.Does 8/100 10/1258/100 .0810/125 .08 So, he would spend $135 ($125 $10) on a $125 printer. Note: Add $125 and $8 to get the total amount. Remember, the sales tax is 8% of the price, not $8. Answers and Explanations Original Worksheet Sales Tax Percent Example Calculations 1. Laptop Bag Price: $18Sales tax rate: 9%Sales tax amount:$1.62Final cost: $19.62 What do you know?9/100 x/18 Cross Multiply and Solve.9 * 18 x * 100162 100x162/100 100x/100$1.62 xVerify the Answer. Does 9/100 1.62/18?9/100 .091.62/18 .09$1.62 $18 $19.622. Anti-Virus SoftwarePrice: $50Sales tax rate:   8.25%Sales tax amount: $4.125Final cost: $54.13 What do you know?8.25/100 x/50 Cross Multiply and Solve.8.25 * 50   x * 100412.50 100x412.50/100 100x/100$4.125 xVerify the Answer. Does 8.25/100 4.125/50?8.25/100 .08254.125/50 .0825$4.125 $50  Ã¢â€°Ë† $54.13 3. USB DrivePrice: $12.50Sales tax rate: 8.5%   Sales tax amount: $1.0625Final cost: $13.56 What do you know?8.5/100 x/12.50 Cross Multiply and Solve.8.5 * 12.50   x * 100106.25 100x106.25/100 100x/100$1.0625 xVerify the Answer. Does 8.5/100 1.0625/12.50?8.5/100 .0851.0625/12.50 .085$12.50 $1.0625 ≈ $13.56 4. Graphing CalculatorPrice: $95Sales tax rate:   6%Sales tax amount: $5.70Final cost: $100.70 What do you know?6/100 x/95 Cross Multiply and Solve.6 * 95   x * 100570 100x570/100 100x/100$5.70 xVerify the Answer. Does 6/100 5.70/95?6/100 .065.70/95 .06$95 $5.70 100.70 5. MP3 Player Price $76Sales tax rate:   10%Sales tax amount: $7.60Final cost: $83.60 What do you know?10/100 x/76 Cross Multiply and Solve.10 * 76   x * 100760 100x760/100 100x/100$7.60 xVerify the Answer. Does 10/100 7.60/76?10/100 .107.60/76 .10$76 $7.60 $83.60 6. Laptop ComputerPrice: $640Sales tax rate:   8.5%Sales tax amount: $54.40Final cost: $694.40 What do you know?8.5/100 x/640 Cross Multiply and Solve.8.5 * 640   x * 1005440 100x5440/100 100x/100$54.40 xVerify the Answer. Does 8.5/100 54.40/640?8.5/100 .08554.40/640 .085$640 $54.40 $694.40

Biography of Marco Polo, Famous Explorer

Biography of Marco Polo, Famous Explorer Marco Polo was an inmate in the Genoese prison at the Palazzo di San Giorgio from 1296 to 1299, arrested for commanding a Venetian galley in a war against Genoa. While there, he told tales of his travels through Asia to his fellow prisoners and the guards alike, and his cellmate Rustichello da Pisa wrote them down. Once the two were released from prison, copies of the manuscript, titled The Travels of Marco Polo, captivated Europe. Polo told tales of fabulous Asian courts, black stones that would catch on fire (coal), and Chinese money made out of paper. Ever since people have debated the question: Did Marco Polo really go to China, and see all of the things he claims to have seen? Early Life Marco Polo was probably born in Venice, although there is no proof of his place of birth, around 1254 CE. His father Niccolo and uncle Maffeo were Venetian merchants who traded on the Silk Road; little Marcos father left for Asia before the child was born, and would return when the boy was a teenager. He may not have even realized that his wife was pregnant when he left. Thanks to enterprising merchants such as the Polo brothers, Venice flourished at this time as the major trading hub for imports from the fabulous oasis cities of Central Asia, India, and far-off, wondrous Cathay (China). With the exception of India, the whole expanse of Silk Road Asia was under the control of the Mongol Empire at this time. Genghis Khan had died, but his grandson Kublai Khan was Great Khan of the Mongols as well as the founder of the Yuan Dynasty in China. Pope Alexander IV announced to Christian Europe in a 1260 papal bull that they faced wars of universal destruction wherewith the scourge of Heavens wrath in the hands of the inhuman Tartars [Europes name for the Mongols], erupting as it were from the secret confines of Hell, oppresses and crushes the earth. For men such as the Polos, however, the now stable and peaceful Mongol Empire was a source of wealth, rather than of hell-fire. Young Marco Goes to Asia When the elder Polos returned to Venice in 1269, they found that Niccolos wife had died and left behind a 15-year-old son named Marco. The boy must have been surprised to learn that he was not an orphan, as well. Two years later, the teenager, his father, and his uncle would embark eastward on another great journey. The Polos made their way to Acre, now in Israel, and then rode camels north to Hormuz, Persia. On their first visit to Kublai Khans court, the Khan had asked the Polo brothers to bring him oil from the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem, which Armenian Orthodox priests sold in that city, so the Polos went to the Holy City to buy the consecrated oil. Marcos travel account mentions various other interesting peoples along the way, including Kurds and Marsh Arabs in Iraq. Young Marco was put off by the Armenians, considering their Orthodox Christianity a heresy, puzzled by Nestorian Christianity, and even more alarmed by the Muslim Turks (or Saracens). He admired the beautiful Turkish carpets with the instincts of a merchant, however. The naive young traveler would have to learn to be open-minded about new peoples and their beliefs. On to China The Polos crossed into Persia, through Savah and the carpet-weaving center of Kerman. They had planned to sail to China via India but found that the ships available in Persia were too rickety to be trusted. Instead, they would join a trade caravan of two-humped Bactrian camels. Before they departed from Persia, however, the Polos passed by the Eagles Nest, scene of Hulagu Khans 1256 siege against the Assassins or Hashshashin. Marco Polos account, taken from local tales, may have vastly exaggerated the fanaticism of the Assassins. Nevertheless, he was very happy to descend the mountains and take the road toward Balkh, in northern Afghanistan, famed as the ancient home of Zoroaster or Zarathustra. One of the oldest cities on earth, Balkh did not live up to Marcos expectations, primarily because Genghis Khans army had done its best to erase the intransigent city from the face of the Earth. Nonetheless, Marco Polo came to admire Mongol culture, and to develop his own obsession with Central Asian horses (all of them descended from Alexander the Greats mount Bucephalus, as Marco tells it) and with falconry - two mainstays of Mongol life. He also began to pick up the Mongol language, which his father and uncle already could speak well. In order to get to the Mongolian heartlands and Kublai Khans court, however, the Polos had to cross the high Pamir Mountains. Marco encountered Buddhist monks with their saffron robes and shaved heads, which he found fascinating. Next, the Venetians traveled toward the great Silk Road oases of Kashgar and Khotan, entering the fearsome Taklamakan Desert of western China. For forty days, the Polos trudged across the burning landscape whose very name means you go in, but you dont come out. Finally, after three and a half years of hard travel and adventure, the Polos made it to the Mongol court in China. In Kublai Khans Court When he met Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, Marco Polo was just 20 years old. By this time he had become an enthusiastic admirer of the Mongol people, quite at odds with the opinion in most of the 13th century Europe. His Travels notes that They are those people who most in the world bear work and great hardship and are content with little food, and who are for this reason suited best to conquer cities, lands, and kingdoms. The Polos arrived in Kublai Khans summer capital, called Shangdu or Xanadu. Marco was overcome by the beauty of the place: The halls and rooms... are all gilded and wonderfully painted within with pictures and images of beasts and birds and trees and flowers... It is fortified like a castle in which are fountains and rivers of running water and very beautiful lawns and groves. All three of the Polo men went to Kublai Khans court and performed a kowtow, after which the Khan welcomed his old Venetian acquaintances. Niccolo Polo presented the Khan with the oil from Jerusalem. He also offered his son Marco to the Mongol lord as a servant. In the Khans Service Little did the Polos know that they would be forced to remain in Yuan China for seventeen years. They could not leave without Kublai Khans permission, and he enjoyed conversing with his pet Venetians. Marco, in particular, became a favorite of the Khans  and incurred a lot of jealousy from the Mongol courtiers. Kublai Khan was extremely curious about Catholicism, and the Polos believed at times that he might convert. The Khans mother had been a Nestorian Christian, so it was not so great a leap as it might have appeared. However, conversion to a western faith might have alienated many of the emperors subjects, so he toyed with the idea but never committed to it. Marco Polos descriptions of the wealth and splendor of the Yuan court, and of the size and organization of Chinese cities, struck his European audience as impossible to believe. For example, he loved the southern Chinese city of Hangzhou, which at that time had a population of about 1.5 million people. That is about 15 times the contemporary population of Venice, then one of Europes largest cities and European readers simply refused to give credence to this fact. Return by Sea By the time Kublai Khan reached the age of 75 in 1291, the Polos probably had just about given up hope that he would ever allow them to return home to Europe. He also seemed determined to live forever. Marco, his father, and his uncle finally got permission to leave the Great Khans court that year, so that they could serve as escorts of a 17-year-old Mongol princess who was being sent to Persia as a bride. The Polos took the sea route back, first boarding a ship to Sumatra, now in Indonesia, where they were marooned by changing monsoons for 5 months. Once the winds shifted, they went on to Ceylon (Sri Lanka), and then to India, where Marco was fascinated by Hindu cow-worship and mystical yogis, along with Jainism and its prohibition on harming even a single insect. From there, they voyaged on to the Arabian Peninsula, arriving back at Hormuz, where they delivered the princess to her waiting bridegroom. It took two years for them to make the trip from China back to Venice; thus, Marco Polo likely was just about to turn 40 when he returned to his home city. Life in Italy As imperial emissaries and savvy traders, the Polos returned to Venice in 1295 laden with exquisite goods. However, Venice was embroiled in a feud with Genoa over control of the very trade routes that had enriched the Polos. Thus it was that Marco found himself in command of a Venetian war galley, and then a prisoner of the Genoese. After his release from prison in 1299, Marco Polo returned to Venice and continued his work as a merchant. He never went traveling again, however, hiring others to make expeditions instead of taking on that task himself. Marco Polo also married the daughter of another successful trading family and had three daughters. In January of 1324, Marco Polo died at the age of about 69. In his will, he freed a Tartar slave who had served him since his return from China. Although the man had died, his story lived on, inspiring the imaginations and adventures of other Europeans. Christopher Columbus, for example, had a copy of Marco Polos Travels, which he notated heavily in the margins. Whether or not they believed his stories, the people of Europe certainly loved to hear about the fabulous Kublai Khan and his wondrous courts at Xanadu and Dadu (Beijing). Sources Bergreen, Laurence. Marco Polo: From Venice to Xanadu, New York: Random House Digital, 2007. â€Å"Marco Polo.† Biography.com, AE Networks Television, 15 Jan. 2019, www.biography.com/people/marco-polo-9443861. Polo, Marco. The Travels of Marco Polo, trans. William Marsden, Charleston, SC: Forgotten Books, 2010. Wood, Frances. Did Marco Polo Go to China?, Boulder, CO: Westview Books, 1998.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 200

Assignment Example A significant portion of the consumers in North America are Millennials who are dependent on their electronic gadgets in their daily lives. This trend has a negative impact to Bic because it undermines one of its primary products which are stationery, notebooks and pens. The trend says that the more the millennial market spends on electronics and gadget, the less they will spend to stationeries and pen which are Bic’s products. In addition, the pervasive use of gadgets also provided an alternative to Bic’s other traditional products which are coloring, drawing pencils, crayons and felt pens. They can now also be done in softwares such as photoshop, Corel Draw or other apps and this means reduction in demand and consequently, market share. Other traditional products however such as sticky notes and writing pens (white board) will not be affected by the trend of increased use of gadgets. Their demand could even increase as their use are becoming popular in presentations and group meetings. Another trend that could run counter to Bic’s profitability interest in the long run is its lighter market. At present, 40% of Millennials and 21% of adults may be smoker but this trend is going down. The increasing awareness for health and the ill effects of smoking will have negative impact on the demand for cigarettes and along with it is the decreasing demand for lighters which is Bic’s product. Various interests groups and advertising campaigns are increasingly becoming aggressive in convincing people to quit smoking. At present, many people are already trying to quit smoking or are resorting to e-cigarettes as an alternative. The figures are discouraging because 44% of men and women are already using e-cigarettes which have no use of Bic’s lighters. Either way, this does not spell good for Bic because it undermines its lighter products.

Proposal Presentation - Five Guy's Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Proposal Presentation - Five Guy's - Term Paper Example In this case, researchers are made to go through an array of ethical requirements. There is the need to meet professional and institutional standards as well as those for conducting any research related to human participants. In helping steer clear of any ethical quandaries, this research would consider a number of research ethics. First, the researcher would frankly discuss the intellectual property with the participants (Bernardin & Nairn, 2008). More often than not, academic competitiveness leads to trouble depending on who should be credited for authorship. The best way to avoid disagreements on who is to be credited and which order to use, the researcher should talk about the issues at the beginning of the researcher's working relationships with the participants and should ensure they are put in writing (DiMauro & Grant, 2006). This will act as a tool to help discuss and evaluate the contributions during the research process. Secondly, the researchers would be conscious of multi ple roles of the participants. This could be achieved by avoiding relationships that might tend to impair the researchers’ professional performance or could cause harm to others. However, they will have to take note that many multiple relationships are not ethical especially if they could have some adverse effects (Goree, 2006). When recruiting participants in this study, the researchers would have to think carefully before commencing multiple relationships with students. In this case, the researcher would act as a lab supervisor as well as a mentor and would make sure he or she does not abuse the power to differentiate himself or herself from the participants (Bernardin & Nairn, 2008). The researcher would make sure he/she outlines the nature and structure of mentoring before the mentoring begins. Thirdly, the code of ethics to be upheld during the study would be to make sure the informed consent rules are strictly followed. Doing this properly, the consent process would ens ure that the participants voluntarily participate in the research when fully informed of the relevant benefits and risks. Lastly, the researcher would have to consider respecting the confidentiality and privacy of the participants. Respecting individual rights to confidentiality as well as privacy is a key tenet for every researcher (Bernardin & Nairn, 2008). The researcher will, therefore, have to discus confidentiality limits, giving the participants information concerning how their data will be put into use and for them to know the law of the state, as well as taking practical security measures. Failure of observing ethical stipulations may lead to incidences of taboos – a common element in the incidents of ethical based violations. However, the task of establishing personal ethics is rather demanding. This is with regard to the essence of ethics in an individual’s life. Adoption of appropriate ethical perceptions is a demand that is instilled in the person by his o r her immediate community. This makes ethics seem inclusive of an expectation as well as the desire to protect one’s perception of life (Goree, 2006). Ethical beliefs are regularly challenged, especially during the address of various aggressions in the daily lives. The success in the addressing of these challenges implies a positive or impressive performance of our ethical beliefs and research. The development of successful ethical trends is based

Essay Essay Example for Free

Essay Essay THE MOST MEMORIABLE VACATION My most memorable vacation was when I went to NHA TRANG with my family last summer. When my father told me I was excited because NHA TRANG famous for beautiful beaches and delicious foods. After four hours on the train, finally we arrived. Although I felt tired after long hours, I am happy when I was standing in front of a beautiful beach. Firstly, we arranged our bags and after that, we quickly swim in the blue sea. Next, my younger brother and I were building sandcastles while my parents were sunbathing on the sand. For a few hours, we felt hungry so we went to a nearby restaurant to enjoy tasty foods. In the afternoon, we visited some beautiful and famous places such as THAP BA PONAGAR; HON CHONG then went to NHA TRANG center to buy some souvenirs. The day went by so fast. The trip was short but it had a strong impression on me and my family and I have many memories of that day. QUALITY OF A GOOD TEACHER The good teacher has three important qualities. The first quality of a good teacher is that having strong knowledge of his or her subject matter. For instance, teachers have to provide students with specific content knowledge. A good teacher will know how to explain the content that he or she is teaching in a way easy to the most understand for students. Another quality of a good teacher is enthusiastic and caring. For example, he or she always cares academic status of the students and help them more advance in learning. Moreover, they also learn about the family circumstances of the individual students and find ways to help the poor students. The last quality is that confidence. Standing in front of a class, he or she has to the voice clear and full of confidence to their student pay attention to his or her lectures. To sum up, a good teacher need to have three qualities above and ethic good quality. DISADVANTAGES OF LIVING IN THE DOMITORY Living in a college dormitory has several disadvantages. The first disadvantage is narrow space. For example, dormitory in PHU YEN University, there are eight students sharing the room, it becomes crowded and narrow. You do not have much space to learn within a dorm. In addition, your  roommates can be messy, upset, or talkative so you will feel uncomfortable when living together with them. Another disadvantage is food. You are not allowed to cook in the dormitory so you have to eat rice at the canteen or at the restaurant. The amount you have to pay for meals in the dorm expensive than in the motel. In addition, you will feel tired of when you have to eat the same foods every day. Finally, living in a dormitory is noisy. Sometime you cannot concentrate for learn if your roommate opens music loudly. To sum up, you must find the best accommodation for you to convenient for your learning but you should think before deciding to live in the dormitory. A BEAUTIFUL BEACH AT DAWN Beyond a shadow of doubt, NHA TRANG beach is one of the most beautiful beaches in Vietnam, particularly at dawn. Every day, at 5.30pm, the sunrise slowly, it is like yolk rise from the bottom of the sea. At that time, the beach always crowded. Many people get together here very early to do the exercise and bathe in the sea. The beach scenery at dawn is fantastic, with a neglected beauty. The silence covers the whole beach; there is no sound but the sound of breaking waves. If you stand on the sandbank and stare into the distance, in the sun direction, you will have a strange feeling; have something peaceful in the deep of your soul. The atmosphere is so great by the winds, which come from. When the sun has risen completely, you can see some light rays of sunlight; they signal to you that the dawn-time nearly ended. I think words cannot describe how nice this beach is at dawn. If you have a chance to visit somewhere, why do not you try visiting NHA TRANG to enjoy the beach landscape at dawn in the true sense of the word? A BEAUTIFUL BEACH AT DUSK Sitting on the fine sand, I can see the amazing beauty of the beach at dusk. The sun like a fiery orb looks like it is gradually receding into the waters below. The setting sun’s red rays lit up the sky above the western horizon. At the time, the sky consisted of an assortment of shades, a blend of reds, oranges, and yellows. The waters below mirror this effect. The waves are tinted vermilion; the sand under my feet is the same color, the vivid color mix highlights the beauty of the beach at dusk like a perfect picture. I can  hear is the sound of the waves as they crash against the shore, and seagulls, which I cannot see, squawking in the distance. Sometime I can smell the fishy smell of fish. It smells warm and salty, as I breathe in the cold, salty. I just stand there, eyes closed, and feel the moment until the dusk and the warm feeling fades. I wish time could stop to enjoy this wonderful moment longer. HOW TO MAKE CHICKEN RICE You can make a tasty chicken rice dish if you follow these easy steps. The first step is to prepare the necessary ingredient such as haft chicken, rice, three slices ginger, salt, coriander onions, cucumbers, tomatoes, and chilly sauce. Next, cook the rice in the rice cooker. The third step is to cut the chicken into bite-sized pieces, and then combine all the other ingredients and mix well in a bowl. After that, pour the mixture over the chicken, cover with foil and bake until the rice is cooked. When the rice is cooked, season to taste with salt, if needed. Finally, scoop a bowl of chicken rice on plate. Place cooked chicken over the rice. Garnish with sliced cucumbers, tomatoes, coriander, and spring onions. Now sit down and enjoy your delicious chicken rice plate with ginger sauce and chilly sauce on the side. HOW TO PREPARE FOR A JOB INTERVIEW Before a job interview, you can be stressful, but you can reduce your stress by following these skills. The first skill is picking out what you are going to wear to your job interview. The first choice an interviewer makes is going to base on how you look and what you are wearing. That is why it is always important to dress appropriately for a job interview. The second skill is that practiced greeting before your interviewer. You should always greet your interviewer with a friendly smile and a firm handshake. It will create a good impression about you to the interviewer. Next, you should prepare some typical interview questions you will probably be asked during a job interview. If you prepare well the answers of the interviewers can ask, you will not be surprised with questions about them. Practice interviewing  with a friend or family member ahead of time and it will be much easier when you are actually in a job interview. To sum up, the interviewers will appreciate what you did and can choice if you have a good preparation. AUSTRALIAN AND VIETNAMESE EDUCATION SYSTEM Australian and Vietnamese have similarities and differences in the education system. We can see that both education systems of Australian and Vietnam are quite similar that they have twelve grades, from one to twelve. In addition, schooling is compulsory for students until the age of fifteen. Despite the similarities, the two educations have some very important differences in system division, school-time. The first major difference between Vietnamese and Australian education is the system division. In Australia, primary school goes from grade one to six and secondary school from grade seven to twelve. In Vietnam, we have primary school (from grade one to five), middle school (from grade six to nine), and high school (from grade ten to twelve). Another obvious difference that we can see from these two educations is school-time. In Australian, the academic year begins in early February for school students and late February/early March for vocational and university students. However, in Vietnamese, the academic year begins in middle August for students and late August/ early September for university students. Although both education systems of Australian and Vietnamese have a lot of differences and similarities, they are good education systems for students. AMERICAN AND VIETNAMESE MEALS American and Vietnamese meals are quite different. One difference is Americans have one big dinner per day but Vietnamese have three meals a day with some snacking on fruits and cakes. Americans always think to take advantage of that time to be effective, breakfast and lunch only eating briefly, in the evening with more spare time, so comfortable chatting happily, and eating dinner together. Another difference is that the Vietnamese have breakfast with soup â€Å"pho,† rice or rice noodles; bean sprouts; greens; boiled eggs; and crusty bread and drink green tea or coffee. The Vietnamese have lunch and dinner with rice, fish, or meat;  vegetable dish with fish sauce then snacks with fruits or cakes. In contrast, Americans eat many foods that are high in calories and fat, such as hamburger, fried chicken, sandwiches. They do not spend much time in preparing food so they choose fast foods or going to the restaurant to eat. All in all, though there are differences between American meal and Vietnamese meal, they are typical culturally in the world.

The History Of Basbeall Cards :: essays research papers

The History of Baseball Cards Baseball cards have a very broad history. In the beginning, god made man. Then, man produced... the baseball card. From 1887 to the present, billions of baseball cards have been produced. Some cards are valued at ten cents, while others, are valued at over one hundred thousand dollars. Since 1887, Baseball cards have been a major part of many people's lives. The Beginning of the baseball card-collecting era would lead cards to a path of greatness and immortality. The first baseball cards were made of a cloth like material. Many of these cards were "home made†. No one but the creator of these cards knows for sure what exactly was used to produce these early cards. This time period started on 1887 and continued on until 1901. The 1887 baseball cards were part of a unique set. Not only did this set contain baseball cards, but it also contained boxing, golf, and horse racing cards. These cards are very high in value because of there rarity and because they are some of the earliest baseball cards. The common â€Å"old time† card is worth around $800. All of these cards athletes are average in talent, considering that there were no â€Å"all star† athletes then. There were not many card sizes during this time period. The only size I found was one and a half inches by two inches. There were many company’s that manufactured cards during this time period. They were Mayo Tobacco Works, Buchner, Kimball's, Old Judge, Allen & Ginter, and Goodwin. These cards are rare, but are not very difficult to obtain if you're willing to pay top dollar. What many collectors call "the golden years of baseball", took place from 1902 until1935. One reason that collectors call this time period that is because cards took many different changes during this era. Cards were starting to be packaged with chewing tobacco, Crackerjacks, and bubble gum. The value of cards during this time period depends on many different factors. A large percent of these cards have mistakes, misprints, or flaws. Because of these misprints, a card with a misprint might have higher value than the exact card with no flaws. The reason there were so many misprints was because the card industry was just starting to experiment with the printing process. The most expensive baseball card of all time was produced during this era. That card was the Honus Wagner T-206 produced in 1909.

Deterrence theory requires punishment

The birth of criminology ended discussions on legal philosophy in the 18th century. Bentham and Beccaria claimed that actions were the result of free will. Deterrence theory requires punishment to outweigh the pleasures derived from the criminal act. This is the underlying rationale by which our present criminal justice system operates. Consideration for biological factors as origin of criminal behavior was proven to be insignificant. Environment was said to play a vital role in such behavior.Heredity accepts it as unavoidable and a consequence of a bad seed most likely making it like a matter of destiny. The major contenders of crime were observed to be both environmental and psychosocial like greed, desire for power, poverty, education and parenting, and population statistics. These factors most likely raised Cain and produced crime. If biological factors were not eminent in the defects of brain waves and genetics consideration for criminology, the prime consideration of crime then is not centered on the person itself but with the sociological factors that have molded character and trait.Human behavioral genetics assumes that all phenomena have a scientific causal explanation exploring the relationship between behavioral genetics and concept of criminal responsibility. It argues that it has little utility in assessing criminal responsibility as a matter of criminal law theory. Behavioral genetics do not support the idea that human actions were caused by genes. Behavioral differences between individuals were brought about by a complex interaction of biology and environment.Heritability as a statistical approximation of genetic differences against environmental differences varies by age, culture, and environment and do not translate behavioral variation into causal explanation. It does not explain the causes of any specific act done by a person. Behavioral genetics studies revealed failure to account 38% to 88% of the observed behavioral variation of the group being studied. These observations will alone limit the introduction and participation of behavioral genetics evidence in criminal cases. Instead it tends to provide an open excuse for criminal responsibility when mitigating criminal liability.Criminal responsibility determines whether and to what extent is the judgement for corrective punishment. It allegedly shifts responsibility to individual characteristics of the defendant and not of the act itself. This is but a part only of a strategic defense in criminal law proceedings. (Coleman & Farahany 2006). Many criminals have relinquished social responsibility. Their lives projects trajectory paths from the inception of their early life. They were an absolute product of misguided conscience of parental abuse and child rearing who lacks caring and education.Intimate face-to-face interactions in early life are crucial in molding a child’s personality and character. Witnessing and experiencing emotionally traumatic events within t he domain of their warring families develops their perpetuation and formation of attitudes towards the world. The experience itself created a platform for determination of self control, discipline, and modes for socially accepted behavior. (Fleisher 1997). These factors are purely social-psychological effects of the economic and environment situation of an individual.Socioeconomic variables account the consequence of the act and of the blame. Crime inevitably involves human action and subjects itself for moral evaluation. Compromising rationality on a behavior’s moral evaluation is entirely not related to the genes of the individual but of the context of the individual’s social environment and values formation. References Coleman, J. & Farahany, N. (2006). Genetics and responsibility: To know the criminal from the crime. Law and contemporary problems. 69 (1-2), 115+. Fleisher, M. (1997). Can we break the pattern of the criminal lifestyle. USA Today. 125(2624), 30+.

Good Will Hunting: Movie Response

Good Will Hunting Movie Response Name: answer each questions with 1 paragraph (6 sentences) Please 1 . What is Sean Maguire's (Robin Williams) Psychological Specialization? How do you know this? What parts of the movie lead you to this conclusion? Sean Maguire specializes in talking with people who are incredibly defensive and unwilling to open up about many aspects of life. Sean could be considered a Counseling Psychologist. This becomes quite evident as their time together goes on throughout the film.Will is completely unwilling to open up in the first few sessions they have together, and shows a great deal of defensiveness. He dodges and redirects questions, and Sean goes along with it for a while. Finally, Sean actually challenges Will's weak defense mechanisms, and after a few unproductive sessions, Will begins to open up. 2. What contemporary school of psychological thought does Sean Maguire belong to? How do you know this? What parts of the movie lead you to this conclusion? 3 .What have you gained from watching the movie that you can translate into your own life? I have learned that we are all eventually trying to find our purpose in life. Some take longer than others. However, a little help and a push in the right direction helps speed up the process, unfortunately millions of people do not get that opportunity. Sadly, many spend their lives doing something that is nowhere close to what they are really meant to be doing. Unfortunately, in today's world, circumstances determine what and how you eve to live your life.We spend so much time thinking what others perceive us as that we eventually lose track of who we really are. A classroom can teach you many things life cannot. So long as you are willing to learn from everything and everyone around you. We all need genuine friends and catalysts to help us find our journey. How we respond to their advice helps speed up the process. We all need to find someone that makes us tick. In addition, never let go of t hem. It helps if they are of the opposite sex – only if that is your preference.

Films Of Moral Struggle Bronson Draft Essays

Films Of Moral Struggle Bronson Draft Essays Films Of Moral Struggle Bronson Draft Essays Chris Osowiecki Films of Moral Struggle Prof. Tueth April 15, 2013 The Fight for Fame Everyday each of us wakes up, goes to work, comes home, goes to bed, and like this the mists of history slowly descend over us and we fade from memory and into anonymity. It is this notion that is addressed in director Nicolas Winding Refn's 2008 film Bronson, starring Tom Hardy as the titular character. It details the story of a young man who the world would come to know as Bronson and his fascinating struggle for fame. Bronson, saw the path of anonymity, he saw himself quietly becoming one of the audience, a face in the crowd, just another nameless participant in the great race of life. Bronson saw that path and he knew he could never walk it, he would have to make his own, he knew that he had to find a way to be magnificent, he had to become a star. To this end Bronson uses fighting as his ultimate form of expression and his means to escape the shackles of a mundane life spent in anonymity, which to him is the true prison. The movie opens with a shot of Bronson simply standing a nd facing the camera, his expression is vacant, it is as if he stares beyond the viewer. As he begins speaking the opening lines, â€Å"All my life I wanted to be famous. I knew I was meant for better things† there follows a montage of Bronson in a myriad of different prisons, all while still wearing that same impenetrable face of contemplation. These early scenes serve to establish the scope and breadth of Bronson's ambitions, as well as establishing a road map that the film will soon travel along. During these shots Bronson laments his lack of traditional fame winning skills, such as singing or dancing, the montage fades to black and reveals a dark room lit with a blood red light. The camera circles the small cell in the center revealing a naked and bloody Bronson, he is covered in ash and paces the cell like an animal. Suddenly several men in riot gear rush into the room and engage Bronson in combat, who despite fighting like a man possessed is laid low. Despite the obvio us pain he suffers Bronson manages to keep a smile and repeatedly taunts the guards until they savagely knock him unconscious. The power of this opening sequence is undeniable, and demonstrates director Nicolas Winding Refn brilliant use of lighting and of musical accompaniment, and often times the two together. Whether it be a driving techno song or a soaring classic the piece always adds tremendously to the emotional impact of the scene. The music is slow and smoldering as Bronson paces, building a sense of dread and anticipation. The nightmarish red glow, like a spot light for the damned, highlights the impending feeling of violence and bloodshed. As the guards rush in the lights suddenly flash on and the music reaches a brilliant crescendo. This sequence of events calls to mind the moments before the curtain rises for a great show, a theme that will continue to be developed throughout the movie. With the opening sequence complete and the title screen flashed the movie proper be gins. Bronson details his childhood, which he insists was entirely normal, his parents did not beat or abuse him and in fact from what we see they love him dearly. However, from an early age Bronson was predisposed towards fighting, as we are treated to various scenes of a younger Bronson engaging in fights. These scenes all feature Bronson in the center, his violent spectacle having drawn the attention of all those around him. Typically Bronson will dominate the foreground in these shots while just on the periphery we can see his audience almost transfixed by the display. This technique mimics the actual events, through violence and performance Bronson is able to become almost larger then life, he becomes more important than those nameless observers that get forced to the sidelines. This is integral to his development as a person. He learns from an early age that fighting draws a crowd. People will look at

3 More Types of Not Only . . . but Also Errors

3 More Types of Not Only . . . but Also Errors 3 More Types of Not Only . . . but Also Errors 3 More Types of Not Only . . . but Also Errors By Mark Nichol Errors of faulty parallelism in sentences in which â€Å"not only† and â€Å"but also† help delineate complementary phrases come in three general categories, as shown, explained, and corrected below. 1. This problem not only relates to accessibility but also to completeness, accuracy, and validity of the data. In a simple sentence employing â€Å"not only† and â€Å"but also,† a verb that applies to both phrases must precede â€Å"not only†: â€Å"This problem relates not only to accessibility but also to completeness, accuracy, and validity of the data.† (Otherwise, the assumption is that a verb distinct from the one following â€Å"not only† will appear after â€Å"not also† in parallel to the first one, as in â€Å"This problem not only relates to accessibility but also applies to completeness, accuracy, and validity of the data.†) 2. This step presents not only a technical change, but introduces risks associated with migrating to the cloud. In this example, parallel verbs should follow the respective setup phrases â€Å"not only† and â€Å"but also†: â€Å"This step not only presents a technical change but also introduces risks associated with migrating to the cloud.† (Note, too, the deletion of the comma and the introduction of also.) 3. In this way, the courts have been central, not only to the preservation of American freedom, but also to its expansion. In â€Å"not only . . . but also† constructions, a comma is often inserted before â€Å"but also† (or before but alone when also is not included, as in the example above), but the punctuation mark is unnecessary because what follows it is not an independent clause or a parenthetical phrase. Here, the first comma is correct, the second one (assuming the third is omitted) is defensible for emphasis but is extraneous, and the third is a mistake, as explained in the first sentence in this discussion: â€Å"In this way, the courts have been central not only to the preservation of American freedom but also to its expansion.† Furthermore, the appearance of the second and third commas together is a double error; the inclusion of this pair of punctuation marks erroneously implies that what is contained within is parenthetical. (To test for the validity of the punctuation, view the sentence without the intervening phrase: â€Å"In this way, the courts have been central but also to its expansion† is ungrammatical, so the commas are incorrect.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†A While vs AwhilePreposition Mistakes #1: Accused and Excited

European Union Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

European Union Law - Case Study Example Hauptzollamt Saarlouis [1966] relied on in Van Duyn v Home Office [1974]. Therefore since Mark works for a Council this can be construed as an emanation of the State (specifically Costanzo [1989] ECR 1839) and it is submitted that the phrase in the Directive "the use of chlorine cleaning agents in swimming pools is prohibited" meets all the criteria for the Directive to be directly applicable. However this is not true for Sunita. The swimming pool is a private company, and she is a user of the pool. Under the 'direct effect' provisions, she would have no redress as she wishes to sue an individual rather than the State or an emanation of the State. As seen in the following case, the Court of Justice does not allow the direct horizontal enforcement of Directives. In Marshall v Southampton and South-West Hampshire Area Health Authority (Teaching) [1986] Helen Marshall sought to sue a health authority for retirement age discrimination under the Equal Treatment Directive 1976. The Court of Justice held that there was no 'horizontal effect' to a Directive where a government had failed to implement a Directive. Helen Marshall could not sue the Health Authority in these circumstances. If the employer is not the State or an emanation of the State th... If the employer is not the State or an emanation of the State then the Court of Justice allows the national court to look at indirect effect. In the absence of domestic legislation being in place, national courts are empowered by the Court of Justice to enforce the provisions of the Directive in order to ensure that the aim of the Directive is carried out. In this case the aim of the Directive is to prohibit the use of chlorine in all swimming pools throughout Member States. The national court would therefore be called upon to make the use of chlorine cleaning agents unlawful in the UK and sanction the transgressors accordingly, providing remedies under standard contractual law within the precedents currently relied upon by national courts. In Von Coulson and Kamann v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen [1984] 2 female applicants successfully sued prison administrators for sexual discrimination when 2 posts advertised for social workers went to males. The question before the court was whether the Equal Treatment Directive 1976 specifically required that discrimination be remedied by the appointment of the complainant to the post. The Court of Justice said no, but that it did require the national law to provide an adequate and effective remedy: "national courts are required to interpret their national law in the light of the wording and the purpose of the Directive in order to achieve the result referred to in the third paragraph of Article [249]." 2 An advantage of this approach is that unlike direct effect the provisions in question do not have to be clear, precise, unconditional and require no further implementation. Hence Van Coulson was able to indirectly rely on the provision against a State employer. We are specifically told that the only